Present and Past Participle

Which form is correct? (Present Participle or Past Participle)

1. I am very interestinginterested in history.
2. The party was boringbored.
3. I was boringbored to death.
4. The barkingbarked dog kept us awake at night.
5. Did you see Justin dancingdanced?
6. RunningRun away from the castle, Cinderella lost a shoe.
7. History is very interestinginterested.
8. The car race was excitingexcited
9. ExcitingExcited about their birthday party, the girls could not sleep.
10. He was sitting on the floor playingplayed the guitar.

Fill in the correct participle form. (Present Participle, Past Participle or Perfect Participle)

1. He was sitting in an armchair readingreadhaving read a magazine.
2. WorkingWorkedHaving worked in the company for many years, he knew everyone and everything.
3. The cup fillingfilledhaving filled with milk stood on the table.
4. Not seeingNot seenNot having seen each other for ages, they had a lot to talk about.
5. BearingBornHaving born into a rich family, she got everything she wished for.
6. BeingBeenHaving been the child of poor people, he often went to bed hungry.
7. RegrettingRegrettedHaving regretted his words, he apologised.
8. Well doingdonehaving done, we are very proud of you.
9. ParkingParkedHaving parked the car, he went to a restaurant.
10. WatchingWatchedHaving watched the film a dozen times, she knew the dialogues by heart.

Combine the clauses using participle constructions (Present, Past or Perfect Participle).

1. We were sitting in the bus shelter and waited for the rain to stop. We were sitting in the bus shelter waiting for the rain to stop.
2. The documentation which was telecast last Tuesday was impressive. The documentation telecast last Tuesday was impressive.
3. We had great fun at the party. We played silly games. We had great fun at the party playing silly games.
4. He had saved a little money. He travelled to Australia. Having saved a little money, he travelled to Australia.
5. They were chatting along and didn't see the car coming. Chatting along, they didn't see the car coming.
6. The reception had been prepared carefully and was a great success. The reception, having been prepared carefully, was a great success.
7. He was picked up by his mother and didn't have to wait for the bus. Picked up by his mother, he didn't have to wait for the bus.
8. She had finished her degree and started to work for an international company. Having finished her degree, she started to work for an international company.
9. She was listening to the radio and didn't hear the doorbell. Listening to the radio she didn't hear the doorbell.
10. The room had not been tidied up yet and looked like a battlefield. Not having been tidied up yet, the room looked like a battlefield.

Combine the clauses using participle constructions (Present, Past oder Perfect Participle). Decide whether to use the conjunctions in the participle clause or not.

1. As she didn't have a boyfriend, she flirted with every guy she met.
   → Not having a boyfriend, she flirted with every guy she met.
2. Since he had never been there before, he was stunned.
   → Not having been there before, he was stunned.
3. Before he left the house, he switched off the lights.
   → Before leaving the house, he switched off the lights.
4. As she was on holiday, she couldn't go to the party.
   → Being on holiday, she couldn't go to the party.
5. While she was preparing dinner, she cut her finger.
   → While preparing dinner, she cut her finger.
6. When I travel around Ireland, I always stay in youth hostels.
   → When travelling around Ireland, I always stay in youth hostels.
7. Since she didn't hear the doorbell, she missed the delivery.
   → Not hearing the doorbell, she missed the delivery.
8. After I had dropped him at the station, I drove straight to the supermarket.
   → Having dropped him at the station, I drove straight to the supermarket.
9. Since he didn't feel well, he stayed in bed.
   → Not feeling well, he stayed in bed.
10. While they were talking on the phone, they forgot everything around them.
    → While talking on the phone, they forgot everything around them.

Replace the Relative Clause by a Participle Construction while keeping the rest of the sentence unchanged. (The first sentence is given as an example.)

1. The boy who was waiting in the hall expected a phone call.
   → The boy waiting in the hall expected a phone call.
2. Passengers who wanted to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester.
   → Passengers wanting to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester.
3. The girl who was picked up by her brother was very nice.
   → The girl picked up by her brother was very nice.
4. The house that stands at the end of the road will soon be sold.
   → The house standing at the end of the road will soon be sold.
5. The conference which was planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation.
   → The conference planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation.
6. Irish people who live in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections.
   → Irish people living in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections.
7. A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed.
   → A friend helping you in need is a good friend indeed.
8. A picture that shows the image of a person is a portrait.
   → A picture showing the image of a person is a portrait.
9. The problems that were discussed will be essential for your exam.
   → The problems discussed will be essential for your exam.
10. Animals that eat plants are called herbivores.
    → Animals eating plants are called herbivores.

Rewrite the sentences without using the participle constructions

1. We were sitting around the fire singing songs.
   → We were sitting around the fire and were singing songs.
2. Did you see the boy jumping up and down?
   → Did you see the boy who was jumping up and down?
3. When going to London, they always did a sightseeing tour.
   → When they went to London, they always did a sightseeing tour.
4. While being on the boat, Bob got seasick.
   → While he was on the boat, Bob got seasick.
5. Being an exemplary pupil, he always does his homework.
   → As he is an exemplary pupil, he always does his homework.
6. Having told me the news, he went away.
   → After he had told me the news, he went away.
7. The boy excited about the presents sat on the couch.
   → The boy who was excited about the presents sat on the couch.
8. Sleeping in the garden, I didn't hear the telephone.
   → I slept in the garden and didn't hear the telephone.
9. The children were sitting at the beach building a sandcastle.
   → The children were sitting at the beach and built a sandcastle.
10. Last month I read a book written by a Scottish author.
    → Last month I read a book which was written by a Scottish author.