1. Archaeologists and historians
a. have nothing in common.
b. do precisely the same thing.
c. use different methods to obtain information about the past.
d. employ the same evidence to prove their
arguments.
2. Archaeologists study the past by
concentrating on
a. written records.
b. physical artifacts.
c. oral accounts.
d. biological changes.
3. Historians base their
interpretation of the past largely on
a. physical artifacts.
b. written records.
c. geological records.
d. creative guesswork.
4. The distinction between the study
of humans by archaeologists and the study of humans by historians is often
denoted by the
a. development of architecture.
b. use of fire.
c. invention of writing.
d. use of verbal language.
5. Human beings did not begin to
live in the Western Hemisphere until long after they had evolved because
a. the climate in the Western Hemisphere was
poor in comparison to the Eastern Hemisphere.
b. prior to human evolution in Africa, the Western Hemisphere—North and
South America—detached from the gigantic supercontinent called Pangaea.
c. they were frightened away for many
centuries by large predators that eventually became extinct.
d. food was scarce in the Western Hemisphere.
6. Homo sapiens evolved in and
migrated out of
a. Africa.
b. Asia.
c. Europe.
d. South America.
7. Humans were able to permanently
reside in cold regions after they
a. mastered the principles of insulation.
b. discovered they could grow food even in the
cold.
c. learned how to sew animal skins into warm clothing.
d. got used to the weather.
8. The land bridge connecting
Siberia to Alaska was exposed from around 80,000 years ago to about 10,000
years ago as a result of
a. a drought.
b. an earthquake.
c. the Wisconsin glaciation.
d. human engineering.
9. The term Archaic is used by
archaeologists to describe
a. the cultures that descended from Paleo–Indians.
b. Paleo–Indian culture.
c. anything older than 9,000 years.
d. the period after European contact.
10. Archaic peoples differed from
their Paleo–Indian ancestors in that they
a. hunted with spears.
b. practiced agriculture.
c. used stone tools to prepare food from wild plants.
d. were vegetarians.
11. The Folsom hunters of the Great
Plains
a. settled in permanent villages.
b. were nomads.
c. used horses to hunt.
d. were farmers for much of the year.
12. By about AD 500, on the Great
Plains, bows and arrows had
a. greatly altered the age–old bison–hunting
techniques.
b. been replaced by guns.
c. largely replaced spears.
d. entirely replaced spears.
13. Permanent agricultural
settlements in North America first emerged in the
a. Woodland region.
b. Great Basin.
c. Pacific Northwest.
d. Southwest.
14. Southwestern peoples probably
developed systems of agriculture because
a. the climate was dry.
b. the animals they hunted became extinct.
c. they were tired of moving.
d. there was plenty of rain in the area.
15. The introduction of corn
encouraged Southwestern hunter–gatherers to
a. restrict their migratory habits.
b. stop hunting entirely.
c. quit gathering wild food.
d. travel constantly in search of fresh land.
16. The Mogollon culture was marked
by its
a. spectacular pottery.
b. pueblos.
c. nomadic hunting.
d. pit houses.
17. The Algonquian tribes who lived
along the Atlantic coast differed from the inland and northern tribes, such as
the Abenaki, Penobscot, and Chippewa, in that the coastal Algonquians
a. fished.
b. hunted.
c. grew crops.
d. gathered wild rice.
18. The Iroquoian tribes of
Pennsylvania and upstate New York lived in
a. temporary campsites.
b. earthworks.
c. permanent settlements.
d. pit houses.
19. Iroquoian societies were unusual
in that they were
a. hierarchical.
b. lacking in any leadership structure.
c. patrilineal.
d. matrilineal.
20. The Muskogean peoples were the
descendants of the
a. Mississippian culture.
b. Anasazi.
c. Hopewell culture.
d. Woodland culture.
21. By 1492, the indigenous
population of the New World was about the same as the population of
a. the British Isles.
b. Europe.
c. China.
d. Spain and Portugal.
22. The empire of the Mexica was
located in
a. southern Texas.
b. Peru.
c. Guatemala.
d. central Mexico.
23. Historians know more about
fifteenth–century Mexica than about any other Native American society of the
time because of
a. their monuments.
b. the records of Spanish conquerors.
c. Both a and b.
d. Neither a nor b.
24. The empire of the Mexica had its
origins in c. AD 1325, when they
a. began to mine for gold.
b. began to sacrifice humans to the war god
Huitzilopochtli.
c. settled near Lake Texcoco and began hiring out as mercenaries for
other tribes.
d. domesticated horses.
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